On December 14, 2011, Congress passed the FY 2012 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) which included a six-year reauthorization of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs. These are three-phase grant programs that direct federal research and development dollars to small firms. This reauthorization represents a major victory for the small business community, which has been working toward a long-term reauthorization. Since September 2008, these programs have survived only through a series of 14 consecutive temporary extensions.